The Information Commons Selected Bibliography

Prepared by Nancy Kranich

 Books and Articles

Agre, Philip. "Commodity and Community: Institutional Design for the Networked University." Planning for Higher Education 29, no. 2 (2000): 5-14. http://dlis.gseis.ucla.edu/people/pagre/commodity.html.

American Library Association. Principles for the Networked World. Washington, DC: American Library Association, May 2002. http://www.ala.org/oitp/principles.pdf.

Andrews, William. "Nurturing the Global Information Commons: Public Access, Public Infrastructure." Presentation at the 4th Annual B.C. Information Policy Conference Vancouver, B.C., October 28, 1995. http://www.wcel.org/wcelpub/present/ipc95t.html

Benkler, Yochai. "The Commons as a Neglected Factor of Information Policy." 26th Annual Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Oct 3-5, 1998. http://www.tprc.org/abstracts98/benkler.pdf.

Benkler, Yochai. "Free as the Air to Common Use: First Amendment Constraints on Enclosure of the Public Domain." New York University Law Review 74 (May 1999): 354-364. http://www.nyu.edu/pages/lawreview/74/2/benkler.pdf.

Benkler, Yochai. "From Consumers to Users: Shifting the Deeper Structures of Regulation Toward Sustainable Commons and User Access." Federal Communications Law Journal. 52, no. 3 (2000): 561-579.

Benkler, Yochai. "Overcoming Agoraphobia: Building the Commons of the Digitally Networked Environment." Harvard Journal of Law and Technology. 11, no. 2 (Winter 1998): 287-400.

Benkler, Yochai. "Property, Commons and the First Amendment: Toward a Core Common Infrastructure." A White Paper for the First Amendment Program of the Brennan Center for Justice at NYC School of Law, 2001.

Bollier, David. "Commons Sense: Community Ownership and the Displacement of Corporate Control." Multinational Monitor 23, nos. 7 & 8 (July/August 2002). http://multinationalmonitor.org/mm2002/02july-aug/july-aug02corp2.html.

Bollier, David. "The Enclosure of the Academic Commons: Academic Research and Innovation Depend on Cooperation, Collaboration, and Sharing. What Happens to Academic Knowledge When Ideas Become Intellectual Property?" Academe 88, no. 5 (September-October 2002). http://www.aaup.org/publications/Academe/02so/02sobol.htm.

Bollier, David. "The Grotesque, Smirking Gargoyle: The Commercializing Of America's Consciousness," TomPaine.com, August 8, 2002. http://www.tompaine.com/feature.cfm/ID/6143.

Bollier, David. Public Assets, Private Profits: Reclaiming the American Commons in an Age of Market Enclosure. Washington, DC: New America Foundation, 2001. http://www.newamerica.net/Download_Docs/pdfs/Pub_File_650_1.pdf.

Bollier, David. "Rediscovery Of The Commons: Managing For The Common Good, Not Just For The Corporate Good." TomPaine.com, July 25, 2002. http://www.tompaine.com/feature.cfm/ID/6016.

Bollier, David. "Ruled by the Market: Reclaiming the Commons." Boston Review 27, Nos. 3-4 (Summer 2002). Includes responses by Marcia Angell. "Public Health"; Robert W. McChesney. "The Place of Politics"; Tom W. Palmer. "Common Property?"; Nicholas Johnson. "A Useful Framework?"; Jeff Chester and Gary O. Larson. "Digital Democracy"; Richard D. Parker. "Rhetoric of the Commons"; Richard Stallman. "Intellectual Enclosure"; and Margaret Kohn. "The Cost of Community." http://bostonreview.mit.edu/ndf.html#Market.

Bollier, David and Tim Watts. Saving the Information Commons: A New Public Interest Agenda in Digital Media. Washington, DC: New American Foundation and Public Knowledge, 2002. http://www.newamerica.net/Download_Docs/pdfs/Pub_File_866_1.pdf.

Bollier, David. Silent Theft: The Private Plunder of Our Common Wealth. New York: Routledge, 2002.

Bollier, David. "Stopping The Privatization Of Public Knowledge: The Endangered Public Domain." TomPaine.com, August 1, 2002. http://www.tompaine.com/feature.cfm/ID/6017.

Bollier, David. Why the Public Domain Matters: The Endangered Wellspring of Creativity, Commerce, and Democracy. Washington, DC: New American Foundation and Public Knowledge, 2002.

Boyle, James. "Fencing Off Ideas." Daedalus 131, no. 2 (April 2002): 13-25. http://www.law.duke.edu/boylesite/.

Boyle, James. "A Politics of Intellectual Property: Environmentalism for the Net?" Law in the Information Society. http://www.law.duke.edu/boylesite/intprop.htm.

Boyle, James. "The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain." paper presented at the Conference on the Public Domain, Duke University Law School, November 11, 2001, http://www.law.duke.edu/pd/papers/boyle.pdf.

Boyle, James. Shamans, Software, and Spleens: Law and the Construction of the Information Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U. Press, 1996.

Boyte, Harry C. Commonwealth: A Return to Citizen Politics. New York: The Free Press, 1989.

Boyte, Harry C. and Sara M. Evans. Free Spaces: The Sources of Democratic Change in America. New York: Harper and Row, 1986, rev. ed. Chicago: U. of Chicago Press, 1992.

Brin, David. "The Internet as a Commons." in Milton T. Wolf, et. al. Information Imagineering: Meeting at the Interface. Chicago, IL: American Library Association, 1998: 240-245.

Center for Digital Democracy. "The Dot-Commons: A Virtual Tour of the Online Civic Sector." Washington, DC: Center for Digital Democracy. http://www.democraticmedia.org/issues/digitalcommons/dotcommonstour.html.

Center for Digital Democracy. "The Dot-Commons Concept: Making the Internet Safe for Democracy." Washington, DC: Center for Digital Democracy. http://www.democraticmedia.org/issues/digitalcommons/index.html.

Cohen, Julie E. "Lochner in Cyberspace: The New Economic Orthodoxy of ‘Rights Management’." Michigan Law Review 97 (1998): 462.

Cohen, Julie E. Copyright and the Jurisprudence of Self-Help. Berkeley Technology Law Journal. 13 (1998): 1089.

Cohen, Julie E. Copyright and the Perfect Curve. Vanderbilt Law Review 53 (2000): 1799.

Cohen, Julie E.  Lochner in Cyberspace: The New Economic Orthodoxy of "Rights Management." Michigan Law Review 97 (1998): 462.

David, Paul, "A Tragedy of the Public Knowledge ‘Commons’? Global Science, Intellectual Property and the Digital Technology Boomerang." Electronic Journal of Intellectual Property Rights. Oxford Intellectual Property Research Centre - Working and Seminar Papers, September 2000. http://www.oiprc.ox.ac.uk/EJWP0400.html.

Felsenstein, Lee. "The Commons of Information." Dr. Dobbs Journal, (May 1993): 18-24.

Friedland, Lew and Harry C. Boyte. "The New Information Commons: Community Information Partnerships and Civic Change." University of Minnesota Hubert Humphrey Institute, Center for Democracy and Citizenship, January 2000. http://www.publicwork.org/pdf/workingpapers/New%20information%20commons.pdf

Grossman, Lawrence and Newton Minow, eds. A Digital Gift to the Nation: Fulfilling the Promise of the Digital and Internet Age. New York: The Century Foundation Press, 2001

Hardin, Garrett. "The Tragedy of the Commons." Science 162, December 1968: 1243-48.

Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negri. Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U. Press, 2000: 297-303.

Heins, Marjorie. "The Progress of Science and Useful Arts: Why Copyright Today Threatens Intellectual Freedom." New York: Free Expression Project, 2002 (interim report). http://www.fepproject.org/policyreports/copyright.html

Heller, Michael A. and Rebecca S. Eisenberg. "Can Patents Deter Innovation? The

Anti-Commons in Biomedical Research." Science, May 1, 1998.

Hess, Charlotte and Elinor Ostrom. "Artifacts, Facilities and Content: Information as a Common-Pool Resource." paper presented at the Conference on the Public Domain, Duke University Law School, November 9-11, 2001, http://www.law.duke.edu/pd/papers/ostromhes.pdf.

Hess, Charlotte. "Capturing the Campus Commons: Response to Iain Boal's Article 'The Campus and the Commons.'" Common Property Resource Digest 46 (July/October 1998): 9-11. http://www.indiana.edu/~iascp/boal.htm.

Kaul, Inge, Isabelle Grunberg, and Marc A. Stern. Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21^st Century. New York: Oxford University Press for The United Nations Development Program, 1999.

Kennedy, Donald. "Enclosing the Research Commons." Science, Dec 14, 2001: 2249.

Lange, David. "Recognizing the Public Domain." Law & Contemporary Problems 44, no. 147 (1981).

Lessig, Lawrence. Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

Lessig, Lawrence. The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World. New York: Random House, 2001.

Lessig, Lawrence. Reclaiming a Commons. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U. Berkman Center Conference on Building a Digital Commons, May 20, 1999.

Lessig, Lawrence web log. http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/lessig/blog/

Levine, Peter. "Civic Renewal and the Commons of Cyberspace." National Civic Review 90, no. 3, (Fall 2001): 205-212. http://www.ncl.org/publications/ncr/90-3/chapter1.pdf.

Levine, Peter. "The Internet and Civil Society." The International Media and Democracy Project. July 11, 2002. http://www.imdp.org/artman/publish/article_29.shtml.

Levine, Peter. "’The Public Telecommunication Service’ The University of Maryland’s Civil Society/Community Building Initiative." March 2001. http://www.peterlevine.ws/pts.pdf

Litman, Jessica. Digital Copyright. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Press 2001.

Litman, Jessica. "The Public Domain." Emory Law Journal 39 (1990): 965.

National Research Council. The Drama of the Common., Edited by Elinor Ostrom, et.al. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. http://books.nap.edu/books/0309082501/html/1.html.

Ostrom, Elinor. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Ostrom, Elinor. "Private and Common Property Rights." In the Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Edited by Boudewijn Bouckaert and Gerrit De Geest. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2000. http://allserv.rug.ac.be/~gdegeest/2000book.pdf.

Reynolds, Dennis J., ed. Citizen Rights and Access to Electronic Information: The 1991 LITA President's Program Presentations and Background Papers. Chicago, IL: American Library Association/Library and Information Technology Association, 1992.

Robbins, Bruce, ed. The Phantom Public Sphere. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.

Rose, Carol. "The Comedy of the Commons: Commerce, Custom, and Inherently Public Property." University of Chicago Law Review 53 (1986): 711.

Shapiro, Michael S. Copyright at Cultural Policy. Washington, DC: Center for Arts and Culture, 2001. http://www.culturalpolicy.org/pdf/shapiro.pdf.

Seth Shulman. Owning the Future. Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin, 1999.

Shulman, Seth. Trouble on "The Endless Frontier": Science, Invention and the Erosion of the Technological Commons. Washington, DC: New America Foundation and Public Knowledge, 2002. http://www.newamerica.net/Download_Docs/pdfs/Pub_File_868_1.pdf.

Starr, Paul. "The Electronic Commons." American Prospect. 11, no. 10, (March 27, 2000). http://www.prospect.org/print/V11/10/starr-p.html

Stiglitz, Joseph E. "Knowledge as a Global Public Good." in Inge Kaul, et. al. Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21^st Century. New York: Oxford University Press for The United Nations Development Program, 1999: 308-325.

Vaidhyanathan, Siva. Copyrights and Copywrongs: The Rise of Intellectual Property and How It Threatens Creativity. New York: NYU Press, 2001.

Vaidhyananthan, Siva. "The Content-Provider Paradox: Universities in the Information Ecosystem." Academe. 88, no. 5 (September-October 2002). http://www.aaup.org/publications/Academe/02so/02sovai.htm

Venturelli, Shalini. From the Information Economy to the Creative Economy: Moving Culture to the Center of International Public Policy. Washington, DC: Center for Arts and Culture, 2001.

American Library Association, Office for Information Technology Policy. Information Commons Online. http://info-commons.org

Berkman Center for Internet and Society. Copyright’s Commons. http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/cc/

Besser, Howard. Information Commons Links. (Website) http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/~howard/Copyright/commons.html

Bollier, David. Reclaiming the American Commons. http://bollier.org/reclaim.htm

Center for Arts and Culture. The Cultural Commons. http://www.culturalpolicy.org/issuepages/infotemplate.cfm?page=Commons

Center for the Public Domain. http://www.centerforthepublicdomain.org/

Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, Public Sphere Project. "Building Communication Spaces for Civic Intelligence."

Copyright Law of the United States. www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/

Copyright Law of the United States. www.copyright.gov/title17/

Creative Commons. http://www.creativecommons.org/.

Digital Consumer. http://www.digitalconsumer.org

Duke University Law School. Conference on the Public Domain. http://www.law.duke.edu/pd/schedule.html

Electronic Frontier Foundation. http://www.eff.org

Free Online Scholarship, edited by Peter Suber. http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/

International Association for the Study of Common Property. http://www.indiana.edu/~iascp/. Information and Knowledge Commons Bibliography. http://www.indiana.edu/~iascp/information.html. Digital Library of the Commons. http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/.

The Knowledge Conservancy. http://yen.ecom.cmu.edu/kc/index.html

Negativland. http://www.negativland.com

New America Foundation. Public Assets Program. http://www.newamerica.net/programs/pub_ass/pub_ass.htm

Open Society Institute. Budapest Open Access Initiative. http://www.soros.org/openaccess/

Princeton University Center for Arts and Cultural Policy. http://www.princeton.edu/~artspol/index.html

Public Knowledge. http://publicknowledge.org/

"Reclaiming the Commons," Yes! Magazine 18 (Summer 2001). http://www.futurenet.org/18Commons/18toc_main.htm

Stay Free Magazine. http://www.stayfreemagazine.org/

Tomales Bay Institute. The Commons, the Market, and the State. http://www.earthisland.org/tbi/commons_state.html

The Tragedy of the Commons. (last updated, 1998) http://www.members.aol.com/trajcom/private/trajcom.htm

US Copyright Office, US Copyright Law http://www.copyright.gov/title17/

Detritus.net - dedicated to recycled culture and the correct spelling of negativland. http://detritus.net/

Copyright & Free Expression
The Free Expression Policy Project has just published a fully revised and updated edition of "The Progress of Science and Useful Arts" Why Copyright Today Threatens Intellectual Freedom - a summary of the major controversies over file-sharing, fair use, the ever-receding public domain, the "Digital Millennium Copyright Act," and more. Available at: www.fepproject.org/policyreports/copyright2dexsum.html